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    Vitima de fraude bancaria

    vitima de fraude bancaria

    O que fazer quando se é vítima de fraude bancária?

    A crescente digitalização dos serviços bancários trouxe consigo uma série de conveniências, mas também abriu novas portas para golpes financeiros, deixando muitas vítimas de fraudes bancárias. Este fenômeno, que pode ter consequências devastadoras para as vítimas, exige uma compreensão sólida das medidas a serem tomadas quando se é alvo de uma fraude.

    Neste artigo, exploraremos os passos fundamentais que os indivíduos devem seguir ao se depararem com a desagradável realidade de terem sido uma vítima de fraude bancária.

    Para sanar todas suas dúvidas, os advogados do escritório Galvão & Silva prepararam o presente texto sobre o assunto e esperamos que no final da leitura você saiba tudo.

    Muita gente vem sendo vítima de fraude bancária, saber seu significado é fundamental para buscar meios de se prevenir.

    Fraude bancária refere-se a práticas ilícitas e enganosas que visam obter acesso não autorizado a informações financeiras, contas bancárias ou recursos monetários de indivíduos ou instituições financeiras. Esse tipo de fraude pode ocorrer de diversas formas, envolvendo manipulação, falsificação, roubo de identidade e outros métodos enganosos com o objetivo de obter ganhos financeiros ilícitos.

    Ligue e agende a sua consultoria com o Advogado Especialista.

    Alguns exemplos comuns de fraude bancária incluem:

    • Clonagem de cartões de crédito
    • Phishing
    • Redirecionamento de pagamentos

    A fraude bancária é uma preocupação significativa para indivíduos e instituições financeiras, resultando em perdas financeiras, danos à reputação e impactos negativos na confiança do público. A prevenção envolve práticas como monitoramento regular de contas, uso seguro de informações pessoais, adoção de tecnologias de segurança e a conscientização constante sobre os diferentes métodos utilizados por golpistas. As instituições financeiras também implementam medidas de segurança avançadas para proteger os dados de seus clientes e detectar atividades suspeitas.

    Se você foi vítima de fraude bancária, é primordial agir rapidamente para minimizar os danos e proteger suas finanças. Aqui estão os passos que você deve seguir:

    1. Entre em contato com o seu banco ou instituição financeira assim que identificar qualquer atividade suspeita em sua conta.
    2. Informe sobre as transações não autorizadas ou qualquer outra atividade que levante suspeitas.
    3. Solicite o bloqueio ou cancelamento de todos os cartões afetados, incluindo cartões de débito, crédito e qualquer outro vinculado à sua conta bancária.
    4. Vá até a delegacia de polícia mais próxima e registre um boletim de ocorrência sobre a fraude bancária.
    5. Guarde todos os documentos relacionados à fraude, como extratos bancários, comprovantes de transações fraudulentas e qualquer comunicação com o banco.

    O que é vítima de fraude?

    Se valendo de uma identificação falsa ou roubada, seja no meio virtual ou não, o fraudador adquire produtos ou serviços, e o consumidor é surpreendido com cobranças indevidas e até mesmo com a negativação de seu nome.

    O que diz a Sumula 479 do STJ?

    Dever de indenizar. Súmula 479/STJ. A instituição financeira responde pelo defeito na prestação de serviço consistente no tratamento indevido de dados pessoais bancários, quando tais informações são utilizadas por estelionatário para facilitar a aplicação de golpe em desfavor do consumidor.

    Qual a responsabilidade do banco em caso de fraude?

    Segundo o último estudo feito pelo Centro Regional de Estudos para o Desenvolvimento da Sociedade da Informação (Cetic.br) do Núcleo de Informação e Coordenação do Ponto BR (NIC.br)[1], cujos resultados foram apresentados em 21 de junho de 2022, estima-se que em 2021, 81% da população brasileira com dez anos ou mais acessaram a internet.

    Nesse cenário, todos os setores da sociedade, de maneira geral, e as instituições financeiras, de modo particular, aumentaram exponencialmente as atividades executadas de forma online, levando os clientes/consumidores a utilizar cada vez mais serviços digitais e, na mesma proporção, sendo expostos a riscos de perdas financeiras decorrentes de acessos e operações irregulares em suas contas, bem como fraudes.

    A facilitação do acesso à internet evidenciou a situação da vulnerabilidade agravada do consumidor dentro do ambiente online. Nessa conjuntura, criminosos deram nova roupagem a crimes já conhecidos e transferiram a sua prática também para o ambiente digital. Assim, mesmo em uma mera transferência bancária onde aparentemente há legitimidade na transação realizada, o consumidor passou a ser vítima dos mais diversos crimes de fraudes.

    No caso das instituições bancárias, o processo de digitalização dos serviços foi ostensivamente incentivado pelos próprios bancos, levando até mesmo os clientes mais refratários ao uso de tecnologia, a usar meios digitais de realização de suas transações. A tendência é o investimento cada vez maior em tecnologia a fim de propiciar uma experiência melhor e mais personalizada aos seus clientes. Todavia, à instituição financeira não cabe apenas melhorar o serviço e a tecnologia envolta nas operações digitais, mas também, conferir segurança e legitimidade a essas operações, com a finalidade de evitar prejuízos aos consumidores.

    A atividade desenvolvida pelas instituições bancárias é naturalmente de risco, pois envolve disponibilidade e liquidez de recursos financeiros, tendo a possibilidade de causar danos a outras pessoas. Por isso, às instituições bancárias se aplica a responsabilidade civil objetiva, em virtude do risco da atividade exercida.

    O risco da atividade está intimamente atrelado ao que a literatura conceitua como fortuito interno, ou seja, ligado à atividade, cujo risco de dano, ainda que imprevisível ou mesmo inevitável, está jungido à atividade desenvolvida pelo ofensor. No dizer de Rosenvald, Chaves e Braga Neto, “dano, por assim dizer, participa dos riscos do negócio”. “(…) Quem usufrui, habitualmente, dos bônus de determinada atividade deve responder pelos riscos que ela causar, ainda que sem culpa.” [2]

    A teoria do risco da atividade, aplicada às instituições bancárias, tem como objetivo a proteção do interesse de eventuais vítimas que surgirem em virtude do risco inerente à prática daquela atividade. Portanto, a instituição bancária não deve agir na busca exclusiva pela aferição de lucros, mas sim, garantir que para obtenção dos lucros almejados, os bens tutelados de te

    Em quais casos o banco devolve o dinheiro?

    A mesma nota esclarece que o MED padroniza o procedimento para pedir o reembolso e facilita a comunicação entre as instituições – além disso, ao utilizar esse mecanismo, o fraudador fica marcado e todas as instituições participantes do Pix recebem essa informação, tendo mais subsídios para rejeitar transações futuras e evitar que o fraudador faça novas vítimas.

    Ainda segundo o Banco Central, caso a vítima demore a perceber que sofreu um golpe, a solicitação de cancelamento pode ser registrada em até 80 dias após a transação.

    Para fazer a solicitação do MED, a vítima precisa registrar um boletim de ocorrência e avisar o banco sobre a fraude através do canal de atendimento oficial, como SAC ou Ouvidoria.

    No ambiente Pix nos aplicativos dos bancos, há um link direto para registrar a reclamação.

    O banco da vítima, por sua vez, vai usar a infraestrutura do Pix para notificar a instituição que está recebendo a transferência, para que os recursos sejam bloqueados.

    Quando o banco tem que ressarcir o cliente?

    Isso significa que os bancos devem ressarcir os clientes pelos valores indevidamente debitados ou cobrados, bem como indenizá-los pelos danos morais sofridos, independentemente de culpa ou dolo.

    Tem como recuperar o dinheiro em caso de estelionato?

    Golpe do parente pedindo dinheiro: um dos mais comuns, consiste em clonar o WhatsApp de uma pessoa e pedir dinheiro a um parente dela ao simular uma história urgente ou dramática;

    Golpe da oportunidade de investimento ou para multiplicar dinheiro: após prometer retornos financeiros irreais, o golpista pede transferências via Pix, mas nunca distribui os ganhos do suposto investimento;

    Golpe da central de atendimento: um falso funcionário do banco liga ou envia mensagem pedindo transferência para liberar algum serviço ou evitar algum bloqueio;

    Golpe do comprovante falso: nesse caso, a vítima é quem deveria receber o Pix. O golpista compra algo, mas envia um comprovante falsificado ao vendedor. Enganado, o vendedor envia o produto. O truque dá certo quando a vítima não tem acesso imediato à conta bancária.

    São histórias altamente elaboradas e convincentes, adaptadas ao contexto da vítima e que se renovam frequentemente. Os golpistas personalizam seus esquemas utilizando fotos e informações da vítima, obtidas de redes sociais, de celulares roubados ou até mesmo de listas de dados sensíveis adquiridas ilegalmente na dark web.

    Tempo é dinheiro quando se trata do golpe do Pix. Quanto mais rápido a vítima tomar medidas para recuperar o valor enviado aos golpistas, maiores são as chances de obter o dinheiro de volta, apontam especialistas em cibersegurança ouvidos por Tilt.

    O que o banco pode fazer em caso de estelionato?

    Entre em contato com seu banco, o mais rapidamente possível, para informar sobre o ocorrido e solicitar a devolução dos valores.

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