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    Atos administrativos

    atos administrativos

    Quais são os atos administrativos?

    Ato administrativo é toda manifestação unilateral de vontade da administração pública que, agindo nesta qualidade, tenha por fim imediato resguardar, adquirir, modificar, extinguir e declarar direitos ou impor obrigação aos administrados ou a si própria. Os atos administrativos são espécie do gênero atos jurídicos que se caracterizam por serem os mesmos praticados pela administração pública na prática de suas atividades. Se diferem dos atos legislativos e dos atos judiciais por sua natureza, conteúdo, forma e atribuições a que se destinam. São praticados pelos órgãos executivos, da Administração Direta ou por dirigentes das pessoas da Administração Indireta.

    Os atos administrativos são chamados de atos bilaterais quando se constituem em contratos administrativos. Os pressupostos de validade ou requisitos dos atos administrativos são: competência, a finalidade, a forma e o motivo, além, é claro, do objeto do mesmo ato.

    Competência é o poder atribuído ao agente administrativo para que o mesmo desempenhe suas funções – é resultante da lei e é por ela determinada – requisito de ordem pública que é, é intransferível e improrrogável pela vontade dos interessados e pode ser delegada, dependendo da Administração Pública. Finalidade é o requisito que conforma a ação do administrador com o princípio da legalidade, ou seja, o administrador só pode agir cumprindo fins de interesse público, não sendo cabível que ele possa agir em prol do interesse pessoal. É conhecido como princípio da impessoalidade.

    Os atos administrativos devem vir revestidos de forma, ou seja, devem vir revestidos de maneira tal para que sejam aceitos com existência jurídica. Todo ato administrativo requer forma para a sua validade, caso contrário, será o mesmo tido por ato nulo. A inexistência da forma induz a inexistência do ato.

    Motivo é a situação determinante da realização do ato. É a situação, de direito ou de fato que determina ou autoriza a realização do ato administrativo. Pode vir expresso em lei ou ser deixado ao critério do administrador. No primeiro caso, é vinculado em lei, no segundo, discricionário quanto à sua existência e valoração.

    Objeto do ato administrativo será a criação, modificação ou extinção de situações jurídicas concernentes a pessoas, coisas ou atividades sujeitas a ação do Poder Público. Identifica-se com o conteúdo que tem suporte na lei.

    Quanto aos atributos e classificação dos atos administrativos, nós podemos citar os atributos da presunção de legitimidade, da imperatividade, da exigibilidade e da auto-executoriedade e classificar os mesmos em atos gerais, individuais, internos, externos, de império ou de autoridade, de gestão, de expediente, vinculados, ou discricionários.

    A presunção de legitimidade é a de que os atos da administração expressarão o interesse público e serão verdadeiros conforme o direito. Em função deste atributo, os atos administrativos podem ser executados mesmo que contenham vícios ou defeitos que os unam à invalidade. A imperatividade dos at

    Quais os 5 requisitos do ato administrativo?

    O ATO ADMINISTRATIVO DEVE POSSUIR ALGUNS ELEMENTOS EM SUA NATUREZA, TAIS COMO:
    Competência. Quem a lei determina (estabelece/delimita) Princípio da Legalidade. …
    Finalidade. Pública. …
    Motivo. Condicionantes de fato e de Direito que autorizam ou determinam a realização do ato.
    Objeto.

    Quem pode expedir atos administrativos?

    Ou seja, qualquer dos poderes pode fazê-lo. Ex: Legislativo licitando, judiciário dando férias aos seus servidores, etc. Quem o represente – particulares também pode expedir atos administrativos quando representam o Estado.

    Quais são ato administrativo?

    Os atos administrativos são toda manifestação unilateral de vontade da Administração Pública que, agindo nessa qualidade, tenha por fim imediato adquirir, resguardar, transferir, modificar, extinguir e declarar direitos ou impor obrigações aos administrados ou a si própria.

    O que é um ato administrativo exemplo?

    A Administração Pública administra por meio de atos administrativos. Alguns exemplos de atos administrativos são: multa de trânsito, alvará de funcionamento, carteira de motorista, nomeação no Diário Oficial, aplicação da pena de demissão, concessão de uma licença, etc.

    Quais são os 05 cinco atributos dos atos administrativos?

    São eles que distinguem os atos administrativos dos atos privados: a) presunção de legitimidade; b) imperatividade; c) executoriedade em sentido amplo; d) executoriedade em sentido estrito; e) tipicidade.

    O que é a finalidade do ato administrativo?

    No direito administrativo existem algumas ações importantes para a administração pública e os seus administrados, denominados os atos administrativos. Talvez você já tenha ouvido falar em direito administrativo, mas não tenha se aprofundado no tema. Por isso abordaremos no artigo a seguir, a dimensão dos atos administrativos, sua importância e classificação. Então, se você deseja saber mais sobre o tema, acompanhe a leitura!

    Existem diversos conceitos jurídicos para o termo “ato administrativo”, variando conforme o critério escolhido para o definir, como veremos mais adiante. Mas, resumidamente, é a declaração jurídica do Estado ou de quem lhe faça, que tenha, por fim, resguardar, adquirir, modificar e declarar direitos ou obrigações aos administrados. É por meio dessa ação que o Estado exerce a função administrativa e cumpre com os seus deveres e obrigações do dia a dia, movimentando a máquina da Administração Pública, e, assim, atende às necessidades da sociedade.

    Entre os elementos que formam o ato administrativo, estão o regime jurídico de direito público e os efeitos jurídicos, e a sua finalidade é satisfazer os interesses públicos. A serventia e a finalidade do ato administrativo é satisfazer ao interesse público, assim como orientar as ações e decisões que serão emitidas por esses, a fim de que não prejudique ou atinja a administração pública.

    Os atos se apresentam de diferentes formas, sendo eles:

    • Atos vinculados ou discricionários
    • Gerais ou individuais
    • Internos, administrativos
    • Constitutivos, extintivos, modificativos e declaratórios
    • Simples, complexos e compostos

    Os atos administrativos possuem atributos, características que permitem afirmar que estes se submetem a um regime jurídico-administrativo ou de direito público. Veremos mais detalhes a seguir sobre cada um deles.

    A presunção de legitimidade está relacionada à conformidade com a lei, quando o ato administrativo praticado está seguindo ela. Já a de veracidade está relacionada aos fatos, presumindo-se que os fatos declarados pelo Estado sejam verdadeiros.

    Esse atributo decorre da prerrogativa que o Estado detém de adotar medidas que impõem obrigações a terceiros, independentemente de sua concordância ou não.

    Aqui, o ato administrativo pode ser colocado em prática pela própria Administração Pública, sem que o Poder Judiciário precise intervir.

    Nesse atributo, para cada objetivo e/ou finalidade que a administração pública queira alcançar, deve haver um ato previsto em lei.

    Como observamos, os atos administrativos são de extrema importância quando relacionados a legislação e a administração do Estado, garantindo a declaração de direitos e obrigações aos administrados ou a si mesmo.

    Confira esta aula exclusiva sobre atos administrativos com o professor Vandré Amorim:

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